Tuesday, July 20, 2004

   Lesson 3 - relationals/expressions/and adverbs
Okay, onto the next lesson. Well I attempted to type hiragana onto the post, but it didn't show up, so gomen nee, but I can't teach hiragana. But I'll try to find a chart. neway, now i'll attempt to teach sentence structure. Boy, this will be fun. But first, the phrase...

I'll have two this time....

*From Jigoku Inu's friend - Watashi no atama ni ono ga aramusu (Oh my god, there's an axe in my head)
*From Pheonixblade - Arigato ugozai masu (thank you for waking me up.)

Okay. Sentence structure. First off you need to know that there are things called relationals. The join the sentence together in a sence.

*wa - (this is the the most confusing relational, yet the most widly know. It has many uses. The only ones I know of is...)
1. it acts like a equal sign.
EX: Anata wa baka desu. (how many times have you heard someone say this, which means you are and idiot. bakana is the adj form. neway, it tells you are equivalant to and idiot. So you can do alot with it. Say you are a chair. Watashi wa isu desu.)
2. It acts as a contradictory relational. (here is where the wa gets confusing. It can be used to negate something, then use it positively. First let me explain the ga)
*ga - (ga is like the wa expect it specifies even more. Using wa you're just saying a sentence. Using ga you're stating it. so back to the contrasting wa.)
EX: Yakyuu ga kirai desu. Tenisu wa suki desu. (I hate baseball. I like tennis) That's the best I can explain it. I don't understand it enough to be clear. Gomen *bows*

*e - e is the relational that shows direction. It is placed before directional verbs.
EX: doko e ikimasu ka? (where shall we go?) ikimasu means go. doko is where. There are a lot more directional verbs, I'll list as many as I know.
ikimasu - go
kimasu - come
kaerimasu - return
(by knowing a lot of vocabulary, you can form more sentences.)

*o - o is another basic one. it is placed before actions, so verbs as well, but not directional verbs.
EX: tenisu o shimau (I play tennis) It sounds strange, the english translation, but that's what it means. There is a whole other part to tenses. I'll cover that in the next lesson I guess.
shimasu - play
kaimasu - buy
mimasu - see
kikimasu - hear (oh here's a good phrase - Kikoemasen. it means can't hear. )
yomimasu - drink
tabemasu - eat
benkyoo shimsau - study
hanashimasu - speak

no - now no is a simple one. Think N no N (N= noun) the no allows it so the second noun describes the first.
EX: Yoru no Yume (yoru = night, yume = dream hence, dream of the night)
This word shows possession to. Say you want to say my book. It'd be Watashi no hon. Hon is book.

de - de is at.
EX: doko de shimasu ka? (where shall we play at) simple.

mo - mo has a lot of rules with it. It means also. I'm sure you've head the saying Watashi mo. Me too. But it has some rules.
EX: Tenisu mo shimasu (I also play tennis) It adds that also. If someone says I play tennis, you replace the o with a mo, and it's I also play tennis. It's the same for wa and ga.
EX: Watashi wa baka desu. Anata mo baka desu. (I am and idiot. You are also an idiot) Simple right? Okay

For directional sentences and place, like e and de, it's a little different. The mo is added behind the e and de.
EX: Doko e ikimasu ka? Doko e mo ikimasu ka? (Where shall we go? Where shall we also go?) There's this rule where those relationals cannot be overlaped. I guess that's just the way it is.

na - i'm not to familiar with all the functions of na, but it functions like the no, but with one difference. no is N no N right? well na is AN na N. (AN is an adjetival noun)
EX: Joozu na hito. Skillful person. joozu is skillful, hito is person.
Here are some adjetival nouns:
suki - like
kirai - hate
kirei - pretty
joozu - skillful
heta - unskillful

Expressions - I'm sure you uses a lot of expression. The common ones are
yo - you know
and
nee - isn't it

The final thing I'll talk about in this lesson is adverbs. Adverbs modifies the verbs and adjective and other adverbs.
chittomo - not very
anmari - not at all
totemo - very
chotto - little
takusan - a lot
ichiban - the most
EX: Chittomo ii desu yo. (not very good you know) ii is good.

Well, I hope that wasn't too much at one time. The later lesson I'll spend a lot of time typing vocabulary. ^+^ Well, my hands hurt. Minna-san, ganbatte kudasai, jaa, mata!
Comments (4)